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B.S. NUCLEAR PHYSICS [PHYS-631] SYLLABUS
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Review of Basic Concepts about Nuclear Physics:
J.J.Thomson model, Rutherford’s atomic model and the nucleus,
discovery of radioactivity, basic properties of the three types of radiation
emitted from a radioactive nucleus.
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Description of the Structure of a Nucleus: Nuclear
charge: charge determination from, Rutherford’s scattering,
Chadwick, and characteristic X-ray methods. Size of the Nuclei: Assignment
of spherical shape to a nucleus, methods to find the nuclear radius;
Rutherford Scattering Method, coulomb energy difference, deduction
from coulomb energy radius, mesonic atom, electron scattering.
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Nuclear Mass: Nuclear mass and its units, importance
of exact knowledge of nuclear mass, mass spectroscope, mass spectrometer,
mass spectrograph, velocity and momentum filters and their use in
a mass spectrometer, techniques of mass determination; different types
of mass spectrometers and spectrographs, doublet method, energetics
of nuclear decays and from nuclear reactions, describe the mass-energy
equivalence.
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Binding Energy: Structure of a nucleus, Definitions
of binding energy, Binding energy variation with mass, Binding energy
per nucleon constancy and saturation of nuclear forces, Separation
energies of protons and neutrons.
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Use of Quantum Mechanics in Nuclear Physics: Brief
introduction of quantum mechanics and wave mechanics, Schrödinger’s
wave equation and its solution for step and well potentials, Quantum
numbers and their assignment to nucleons, Energy levels in a nucleus.
Angular Momentum of Nuclei: spin angular momentum, orbital angular
momentum, total angular momentum of nuclei, Calculation of angular
momentum, Nuclear Statistics, Parity.
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Nuclear Models: Need of a nuclear model, Liquid
Drop model, Nuclear fission on the basis of liquid drop model, Semi-empirical
mass formula, Magic numbers and nuclear Shell model, Extreme particle
model.
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Nuclear Reactions: Nuclear reactions and their different
types, Mass defect and, exoergic and endoergic reactions, Nuclear
fusion, Comparison energy released in fusion with the energy releases
in fusion, Problems in achieving nuclear fusion on earth, controlled
thermonuclear reactions, Description of a few geometries for fusion.
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Interaction of Radiation with Matter: Types of nuclear
radiation, Interaction of charged and uncharged particles with medium,
Range and stopping power, Interaction of gamma rays, and also of X-rays(atomic
origin) with medium, Interaction of neutrons with the medium, Stopping
power and the concept of energy transfer.
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Nuclear Radiation Detectors: Nuclear radiation detection
techniques, Electronic or gas filled detectors; ionization chamber,
proportional counter, Geiger Muller counter, Solid state detectors,
Scintillation counter.
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Nuclear Particle Accelerators: Purpose of a particle
accelerator, Construction and working of some accelerators; Van de
Graff generator and the Tandem Van de Graff generator, Application
of a time varying electric field, Motion of a charged particle in
a magnetic field, Circular accelerators; cyclotron, betatron, Synchronisation
and importance of orbital stability, principle of phase stability,
quantitative description of accelerators based on the principle of
phase stability.
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Recommended Text:
1. S. S. M. Wong, “Introductory Nuclear Physics”,
Prentice hall Publishers, Hartfordshire(1990)
2. E. T. Burge, “Atomic Nuclei and their Particles”, Oxford
University Press, Oxford (1988).
3. K. S. Krane, “Introductory Nuclear Physics”, John Wiley
and Sons, Singapore (1988)
4. H. Enge, “Introduction to Nuclear Physics”, Addison
Wesley Publishing Company, New York (1972).
5. R. J. Blin-Stoyle, “Nuclear and Particle Physics”,
Chapman and Hall, London (1991).
6. J. S. Lilley, “Nuclear Physics”, John Wiley and Sons,
New York (2001).
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